Argot Definition and Examples

Argot is a specialized vocabulary or set of idioms used by a particular social class or group, especially one that functions outside the law. Also called cant and cryptolect. French novelist Victor Hugo observed that argot is subject to perpetual transformation—a secret and rapid work which ever goes on. It makes more progress in ten years than the regular language in ten centuries (Les Misà ©rables, 1862). ESL specialist Sara Fuchs notes that argot is both cryptic and playful in nature and it is . . . particularly rich in vocabulary referring to drugs, crime, sexuality, money, the police, and other authority figures (Verlan, lenvers, 2015). Etymology From the French, origin unknown Examples and Observations The Argot of the RacetrackThe argot of the racetrack is responsible for piker small town gambler, ringer illegally substituted horse, shoo-in fixed race, easy win, and others.(Connie C. Eble, Slang Sociability. UNC Press, 1996)The Argot of PrisonersPrison argot, originally defined as the jargon of thieves, is a particular form of slang (Einat 2005)—in some circumstances, a complete language—capable of describing the world from the perspective of the prison. It has been argued that prisoners live, think, and function within the framework defined by the argot (Encinas 2001), whose vocabulary may supply alternative names for objects, psychological states of minds, personnel roles, situations and the activities of prison life. Experienced inmates use argot fluently and can switch between regular names and their argot counterparts, and the degree of familiarity with argot is an important symbol of group membership among prison inmates (Einat 2005).(Ben Crewe and Tomer Einat , Argot (Prison).Dictionary of Prisons and Punishment, ed. by Yvonne Jewkes and Jamie Bennett. Willan, 2008)The Argot of Pool PlayersThe poolroom hustler makes his living by betting against his opponents in different types of pool or billiard games, and as part of the playing and betting process he engages in various deceitful practices. The terms hustler for such a practice and hustling for his occupation have been in poolroom argot for decades, antedating their application to prostitutes.Like all other American deviant argots I know of, [hustlers argot] also reveals numerous facets that testify against a secrecy interpretation. Some examples: (1) Hustlers always use their argot among themselves when no outsiders are present, where it could not possibly have a secretive purpose. (2) The argot itself is not protected but is an open secret, i.e., its meanings are quite easily learned by any outsider who wishes to learn them and is an alert listener or questioner. (3) The argot is ela borated far beyond any conceivable need to develop a set of terms for deviant phenomena, and even far beyond any need to develop a full-scale technical vocabulary . . ..(Ned Polsky, Hustlers, Beats, and Others. Aldine, 2006)The Argot of Card PlayersA cardsharp who is out to cheat you may be dealing from the bottom of the deck and giving you a fast shuffle, in which case you may get lost in the shuffle. You might call such a low-down skunk a four-flusher. Flush, a hand of five cards all of one suit, flows from the Latin fluxus because all the cards flow together. Four-flusher characterizes a poker player who pretends to such good fortune but in fact holds a worthless hand of four same-suit cards and one that doesnt match.All of these terms originated with poker and other betting card games and have undergone a process that linguists call broadening. A good example of movement from one specific argot to another is wild card berth or wild card player as used in football and tennis. In these sports, a team hopes for back-to-back victories—from a fortuitous ace-down-ace-up as the first two cards in a game of five-card stud.(Richard Lederer, A Man of My Words. Macmillan, 2003)The Lighter Side of ArgotA streak of humour runs through the traditional argot. Prisons were often described as schools, as in the contemporary College of Correction, and the hulks used to accommodate prisoners were the floating academies. Brothels were convents or nunneries, the prostitutes who worked in them were nuns, and the madam was an abbess.(Barry J. Blake, Secret Language. Oxford University Press, 2010) Pronunciation: ARE-go or ARE-get

Leadership Styles That Make Up Leadership - 1426 Words

Leaders are individuals who inspire others to reach or achieve a goal. Leadership is based upon understanding, principles, abilities and performances. Having a general understanding about the organizations, knowing how to run meetings and the organization is very important. Leaders must have good communication skills in order to express themselves and their intentions. Then again, a key and regularly overlooked segment of successful correspondence is listening skills. A decent audience hears actualities as well as emotions. Summarizing or restating the individual s message in shorter terms is a helpful method. It illuminates the message, and it demonstrates the speaker that you have heard what they have said. An effective leader is†¦show more content†¦Herman Boone was skeptical about accepting the head coach position because back when he was in South Carolina they appointed a less qualified white head coach instead of him. He finally accepts the head coach position when he see the black citizens consider him to be an image of pride that is deficient in their community. Bigotry and football is the scenery for the conflict of leadership styles and individual points of view that every man must take in and comprehend from one another keeping in mind the end goal to turn into a victorious team. Herman was a pariah and most individuals from the white group were anticipating him to fail so they could say they attempted and reinstitute Bill Yoast as the head coach of the Titans. Throughout the film Boone demonstrated transformational and participative leadership. Coach Boone motivated his players in the mist of controversy and transformed their views for the team. He directed the team as a group instead of individually. Group assemblies encouraged subordinate interests in choice making, enhanced communication, improve teamwork, and encouraged strife determination. Bill Yoast was well known and respected within the community. He cared about his players and the outcome of the change in the football team would have on them. His experience and position in the community gave him an alternate disposition and leadership style. Coach Yoast focused on the viewpoint of his players. He helped his players grow and

Billy Joel Free Essays

Billy Joel is a well known musician who has sold millions of albums across the world. Billy Joel has also won multiple grammys and several other awards. He has worked with many other artists and is affectionately known as â€Å"The Piano Man. We will write a custom essay sample on Billy Joel or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Billy Joel was born on May 9, 1949. He was born as William Martin Joel in Bronx, New York. He grew up in Levittown, New York. He had two siblings a sister named Judith, and his half-brother Alexander Joel. He started his career at a very early stage in his life. At the age of four he began taking piano lessons. He took lessons on piano until he was sixteen. He was in three bands before he could even drive and he was a veteran of all of them. Billy Joel decided to start his music career after watching a famous band called â€Å"The Beatles† on The Ed Sullivan Show. In 1971 he came out with his first album after dropping out of high school to pursue his career in music. The solo album was called â€Å"Cold Spring Harbor.† Billy Joel then decided to move to Los Angeles. Soon after he job a job as a lounge pianist. Billy Joel married his first wife Elizabeth Weber Small in 1973. They had been partners for years before they married. In 1982 they separated from each other and both moved on. He then went on to marry famous supermodel named Christie Brinkley. They then had a daughter named Alexa Ray on December 29, 1985. He then split from Christie Brinkley in 1993 and then met and married television star and journalist Katie Lee. The two divorced after being married for fives years. Billy Joel then went on to meet his current wife Alexis Roderick. They then married in 2015, and went on to have a baby named Della Rose. She was born on August 12, 2015. Billy Joel sold over 150 million successful albums and has won multiple awards. Throughout his career his singles hit the top charts almost every time. His singles hit the Top 40 thirty-three times through the 1970’s, 1980’s, and 1990’s. He received a Grammy Legend Award in 1990 and a Billboard Century Award in 1994 for his outstanding music. Later in Billy Joel’s career he suffered from an alcohol addiction and was continuously in rehab. He then recovered going on to make more music throughout the early 2000’s. Joel then released â€Å"All My Life† in 2007. The single was his first in thirteen years with original lyrics. Billy Joel performed multiple times at Madison Square Garden and broke records, selling out his concerts monthly. Billy Joel is one of successful artists of all time topping the charts numbers of time throughout the years. He has won several awards and sold out many shows at popular venues such as Madison Square Garden. Billy Joel has continued to perform and tour throughout the world and break records. How to cite Billy Joel, Papers

Summer Reading Assignment Shelleys Frankenstein free essay sample

Darwin’s name in the preface because of the creatures extreme adaptations. 6. The type of families portrayed in the novel were compared, rich/poor. 7. Victor Frankenstein’s personality is naive, pompous, intelligent and persistent. 8. The creatures personality is sensitive and emotional. 9. The emotions overall in the novel were fear, terror, loneliness, horror, mysterious and unsolved. 10. The symbolism behind Victor Frankenstein’s crime against nature was that he was trying to pay God and human life. Since he’s not God, nature symbolically fights him. 11. Elizabeth played a role of quick marriage in the novel. Critical 12. The creature’s appearance aroused a disgust by the readers. 13. The elements of a gothic novel in relationship to Frankenstein are he supernatural of bringing someone back from the dead especially the fact it was all different parts of people sewn together and the horrific vivid descriptions of what the monster looks like. 14. Mary Shelley effectively used nature in her novel. We will write a custom essay sample on Summer Reading Assignment: Shelleys Frankenstein or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 15. Foreshadowing is alluding to the future. You can foretell when someone dies, which appears in the book. 16. The author seems to make you feel pity about the creature and Victor. 17. The significance of the sub-title â€Å"The Modern Prometheus† was that it’s almost the same as what Prometheus did when giving human fire. Well now Victor has brought life. Personal Response 18. The epistolary style of the novel affected my understanding of the book by helping me further understand what I were to be reading in the following chapters. 19. I think Mrs. Saville received the letters, because she ended up returning home safely. 20. If I were Mary Shelley’s editor, I would make sure she were to make the book more entertaining. 21. I would not recommend this book to a friend, ever. It was extremely boring. 2. I feel that Victor Frankenstein is naive, yet very intelligent. 23. I feel that the creature is mysterious and weird. 24. In the introduction, when Mary Shelley said she wanted to â€Å"think of a story that would speak ot the mysterious fears of our nature and waken thrilling horror,† in my opinion she did not succeed. This is because if s he had succeeded, I would have actually wanted to read the book. 25. I did not like the ending of the book, because it was nothing to my surprise. 26. My favorite horror movie is The Haunting In Connecticut and it compares to Frankenstein because it is mysterious. On the other hand, it was much more entertaining. Quotations 1. Mary Reader She has an affection for doing as she says she will 2. Walton Martha Something so scary should’ve been recorded, but he’s still alive so why bother? 3. Stranger Mary Before he gets on the boat, he wants to know where they are going 4. Victor Walton Victor has always thought that he was an expert when wanting to know how nature was created 5. Victor Reader You have to know of science before you try and do something with it 6. Victor -Walton Victor started thinking that maybe gathering dead body parts from charnel ouses and graveyards wasn’t such a great idea. 7. Victor Walton He dug that body parts up, but after doing such a thing and creating a creature he felt like a horrible person 8. Clerval Victor He’s happy to see him getting off his transportation source 9. Elizabeth Walter Get better and when he does people will love him again 10. Victor Walton W hile deciding on whether or not he were gonna create a creature he didn’t know if he really wanted to harm others lives. 11. Father Victor If we make this creature, he will not fit in with all others. 2. Creature Victor Back in the day, things were a lot harder than now. 13. Creature Victor The creature he created is so ugly and horrible that it could be the Devil’s friend. 14. Creature Victor He was not able to be tamed, he was a monster. 15. Creature Victor He will get back at his enemy 16. Creature Victor Because he is miserable people hate him? 17. Creature Victor If he gets what he wants this one time, he will never ask for a thing again. 18. Clerval Victor He can only be himself when he is with Victor 19. Elizabeth Victor I love you and always will 20. Elizabeth Victor She is in love with his smile, and needs nothing else to live. 21. Victor Elizabeth The night will be nice, but something terrible is gonna happen. 22. Victor Walt on He wants to kill his enemy, but if he does there is a chance he will lose his life as well. 23. Victor Walton He is not to blame for all that happened 24. Walton Creature He is a hypocritical person, because he does things for him, but when it comes to do other things, he’s not there for him. 25. Creature Walton He will not stop until he is dead